Semi-blind Adaptive Beamforming for High-throughput Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Systems

A semi-blind adaptive beamforming scheme is proposed for wireless systems that employ high-throughput quadrature amplitude modulation signalling.A minimum number of training symbols,equal to the number of receiver antenna array's elements,are first utilised to provide a rough initial least squares estimate of the beamformer's weight vector.A concurrent constant modulus algorithm and soft decision-directed scheme is then applied to adapt the beamformer.This semi-blind adaptive beamforming scheme is capable of converging fast to the minimum mean-square-error beamforming solution,as demonstrated in our simulation study.